Platelet Derived Growth Factor B (PDGF-B), also known as PDGF Beta, is a protein that plays a crucial role in cell growth and division. PDGF-B is part of the PDGF family, which includes four different polypeptide chains (A, B, C, and D) that can combine to form different dimeric isoforms. Specifically, PDGF-B is an isoform composed of two PDGF-B chains.
PDGF-B is mainly secreted by platelets and certain types of cells, such as macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. It acts as a potent mitogen, meaning it can stimulate cell proliferation and increase the number of cells undergoing division. PDGF-B accomplishes this by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface called PDGFRs (PDGF receptors).
When PDGF-B binds to PDGFRs, it triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events, activating pathways involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. These pathways are essential for tissue repair, wound healing, and embryonic development. PDGF-B not only promotes cell division but also stimulates the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis.
Furthermore, PDGF-B has been closely associated with various pathological conditions, including cancers, fibrotic disorders, atherosclerosis, and diabetic retinopathy. Due to its critical role in cell growth and tissue repair, PDGF-B has become an important target in biomedical research and pharmaceutical development, with potential applications in regenerative medicine and cancer therapies.
