The term "stromal" refers to any tissue or structure that supports and surrounds the functional or parenchymal cells in an organ or tissue. It is derived from the word "stroma," which means supportive connective tissue.
In biology and medicine, stromal cells or tissues often play a crucial role in maintaining the architecture, function, and integrity of an organ. They provide a framework, both physical and chemical, for the parenchymal cells to thrive. These cells are generally non-functional themselves but contribute to the physiological functioning of the organ by assisting in various processes, such as providing nutrients, removing waste products, and regulating the microenvironment.
Stromal cells can be found in various organs throughout the body, including bone marrow, lymph nodes, and certain types of connective tissues. They can differentiate into different cell types, such as fibroblasts, adipocytes, and smooth muscle cells, depending on the specific needs of the organ or tissue.
The term "stromal" is also commonly used in the context of stromal tumors, which are neoplasms originating from stromal cells. These tumors can arise in different locations and can have varying biological behaviors. The understanding and study of stromal cells and stromal tumors are important in medical research and clinical practice, as they can provide insights into the development, progression, and treatment of various diseases and conditions.
