Russian spring-summer encephalitis, also known as Russian spring-summer meningoencephalitis or tick-borne encephalitis, is a viral infection caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) within the Flaviviridae family. This disease primarily occurs in the Russian Federation, Central and Eastern Europe, Scandinavia, and certain regions of Asia.
Russian spring-summer encephalitis is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks, particularly the Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus species. It can also be acquired by consuming unpasteurized dairy products from infected animals, such as goats and cows. This zoonotic illness mainly affects individuals spending time in rural or forested areas where tick populations are high.
The symptoms of Russian spring-summer encephalitis can range from mild to severe. In mild cases, patients may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, and nausea. However, in severe cases, the infection can progress to involve the central nervous system, leading to meningitis or encephalitis. Neurological symptoms may include stiff neck, confusion, dizziness, seizures, and paralysis.
There is no specific treatment for Russian spring-summer encephalitis. Therefore, prevention becomes essential, with vaccination being the most effective method available. Vaccination is recommended for individuals residing in or traveling to high-risk areas. Additionally, taking measures to avoid tick bites, such as wearing protective clothing, using insect repellents, and conducting tick checks after potential exposure, can help reduce the risk of infection.
In conclusion, Russian spring-summer encephalitis is a tick-borne viral infection that primarily affects regions in Europe and
