Presbyterians refer to a Christian denomination and the adherents of this specific religious tradition, known as Presbyterianism. Deriving from the Greek word "presbyteros", meaning "elder", Presbyterians emphasize a form of church government that is characterized by rule by elders.
Presbyterianism is rooted in the Protestant Reformation movement led by John Calvin in the 16th century, particularly in Scotland and other parts of Europe. Presbyterians believe in the sovereignty of God, the centrality of scripture, and the concept of predestination. They structure their congregations with representative, elected bodies of elders, known as sessions, who hold authority in decision-making processes within the church.
With a focus on education, Presbyterians emphasize the study of scripture and theological teaching, placing importance on understanding faith intellectually to engage in rational and informed discussions. They also advocate for the autonomy of individual congregations while maintaining connections to larger governing bodies, such as presbyteries, synods, and the General Assembly.
Presbyterians engage in various forms of worship, which may include hymn singing, prayers, readings from the Bible, and preaching. They also administer sacraments, most notably baptism and the Lord's Supper (Communion).
Presbyterians are known for their commitment to social justice, often involved in charitable work, mission activities, and ecumenical efforts. They actively promote principles of equality, inclusivity, and human rights, and seek to address societal issues through advocacy and community engagement.
Overall, Presbyterians embody a Christian denomination that emphasizes the importance of scripture, governance by elders, educational pursuits, worship practices, and a commitment to social justice.
