POLYRIBOSOME Meaning and
Definition
-
Polyribosomes, also referred to as polysomes, are molecular complexes formed by multiple ribosomes simultaneously translating a single mRNA molecule. They play a crucial role in protein synthesis, aiding in the rapid production of proteins within cells.
A ribosome is a complex cellular structure composed of RNA and proteins, responsible for the synthesis of proteins through a process called translation. Normally, a ribosome translates an mRNA molecule linearly, synthesizing proteins one by one. However, in certain circumstances, multiple ribosomes can attach to a single mRNA molecule and translate it simultaneously, forming a polyribosome.
Polyribosomes enable efficient and coordinated protein synthesis. Each ribosome in the complex translates a different segment of the mRNA molecule, resulting in the synthesis of multiple copies of the same protein at the same time. This allows for a higher production rate of proteins required in large quantities, such as enzymes or structural proteins.
The formation of polyribosomes is regulated by various factors, including the availability of mRNA molecules and the initiation factors that recruit ribosomes. These complexes can vary in size, with the number of ribosomes attached to an mRNA molecule ranging from a few to dozens.
Polyribosomes are often found associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, a cellular organelle involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins. This association allows for simultaneous translation and translocation of proteins, facilitating their efficient incorporation into the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent export from the cell.
Overall, polyribosomes are essential in the efficient production of proteins and maintaining protein homeostasis within cells.
Common Misspellings for POLYRIBOSOME
- oolyribosome
- lolyribosome
- -olyribosome
- 0olyribosome
- pilyribosome
- pklyribosome
- pllyribosome
- pplyribosome
- p0lyribosome
- p9lyribosome
- pokyribosome
- popyribosome
- pooyribosome
- poltribosome
- polgribosome
- polhribosome
- poluribosome
- pol7ribosome
- pol6ribosome
- polyeibosome
Etymology of POLYRIBOSOME
The word "polyribosome" is a scientific term that combines two roots: "poly-" and "ribosome".
1. "Poly-" is derived from the Greek word "polus" which means "many" or "much". In modern usage, it is used as a prefix to indicate multiple or many. For example, "polyglot" means a person who speaks multiple languages, and "polygamy" refers to the practice of having multiple spouses.
2. "Ribosome" is derived from the Latin word "ribosoma", which was created by combining "ribonucleic acid" (RNA) and "soma" (meaning "body" or "self"). Ribosomes are cellular organelles involved in protein synthesis. They can be found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.
Infographic
Add the infographic to your website:
