PARATHYROID Meaning and
Definition
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Parathyroid refers to a set of small endocrine glands located near the thyroid gland in the neck. There are usually four parathyroid glands, two on each side of the thyroid, although some individuals may have additional glands or variations in their location. These glands play a crucial role in the regulation of calcium in the body.
The main function of the parathyroid glands is to produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is responsible for controlling the levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. PTH helps to increase the amount of calcium in the blood by releasing it from the bones, increasing its absorption in the intestines, and decreasing the amount excreted by the kidneys.
The parathyroid glands monitor the levels of calcium in the blood through a feedback mechanism. When the calcium levels fall below a certain threshold, the parathyroid glands release PTH to restore the balance. Conversely, when calcium levels are too high, the release of PTH is inhibited.
Disorders of the parathyroid glands can lead to calcium imbalances, such as hyperparathyroidism (overproduction of PTH) or hypoparathyroidism (underproduction of PTH). These conditions can result in a range of symptoms and complications, including bone loss, kidney stones, muscle weakness, and abnormal heart rhythms.
Overall, the parathyroid glands are crucial for maintaining calcium homeostasis in the body and ensuring proper functioning of various organs and systems.
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1. Adjacent to the thyroid gland 2. A parathyroid gland, glandula parathyreoidea.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for PARATHYROID
Etymology of PARATHYROID
The word "parathyroid" is derived from the combination of two Greek words. "Para" means alongside or near, and "thyros" means shield. The term was coined due to the proximity of the parathyroid glands to the thyroid gland in the human body.
Similar spelling words for PARATHYROID
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