ODONTOID PROCESS Meaning and
Definition
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The odontoid process is a prominent bony projection located at the uppermost part of the axis bone in the vertebral column of humans and various other animals. Also known as the dens, it is a distinctive anatomical structure that extends upwards from the body of the axis vertebra, articulating with the posterior aspect of the atlas vertebra to facilitate the nodding motion of the head.
This process plays a crucial role in stabilizing the atlantoaxial joint, which connects the first (atlas) and second (axis) cervical vertebrae. It acts as a pivot point, allowing for proper rotation and flexion of the head. By providing a pivot axis, it permits the skull to rotate smoothly around the dens, enabling essential movements like nodding or shaking one's head.
The odontoid process has a unique anatomy, characterized by its smooth, rounded shape and relatively small size. It contains a central channel called the odontoid canal, which houses the vertebral artery, odontoid vein, and a few nerve fibers supplying the surrounding tissues.
Despite its critical role, injury or structural abnormalities of the odontoid process can lead to a range of complications and potentially life-threatening conditions. Fractures or dislocations in this area may result from trauma or certain medical conditions, jeopardizing the stability and alignment of the head and neck. These injuries often necessitate immediate medical attention, as they can lead to severe neurological deficits, paralysis, or spinal cord damage if not properly managed.
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• The projection from the axis, or epistrophens, around which the atlas revolves.
• Dens, the tooth-like process projecting from the body of the epistropheus, or axis, around which the atlas rotates.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for ODONTOID PROCESS
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Etymology of ODONTOID PROCESS
The word "odontoid" is derived from the Greek roots "odonto-" meaning tooth, and "-oid" meaning resembling or shaped like. The term "odontoid" refers to any structure or process that resembles a tooth or has a tooth-like shape.
The word "process" comes from the Latin word "processus", denoting an advance, procedure, or extension. In anatomical terms, a process refers to a projection or outgrowth from a bone that serves as an attachment site for muscles, tendons, or ligaments.
Therefore, the term "odontoid process" refers to a specific projection or extension on the second cervical vertebra, called the axis. Its name originates from its resemblance to a tooth-like structure.
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