Pronunciation: [lˈɛsə skˈɔːp] (IPA) 
The Lesser Scaup is a type of diving duck widespread in North America. Its name is pronounced /ˈlɛsər skɔp/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The word "Lesser" is spelled with a double "s" to distinguish it from the Greater Scaup, which is a larger and heavier species. The word "Scaup" is derived from the Dutch word "schaap", meaning "sheep", due to the similarity in appearance between the duck's head and that of a sheep.
The Lesser Scaup, scientifically known as Aythya affinis, is a medium-sized diving duck species belonging to the Anatidae family. Typically found in North America, primarily in freshwater habitats, this migratory bird possesses distinct physical characteristics and behaviors.
Measuring about 38 to 43 centimeters in length, the Lesser Scaup is slightly smaller compared to its close relative, the Greater Scaup. It exhibits sexual dimorphism, with males having a glossy black head, neck, and breast, while their back, wings, and sides are grayish with fine white vermiculations. Females, on the other hand, showcase a dark brown overall plumage, featuring a contrasting lighter face and pale areas on their sides. Both genders have bright yellow eyes and gray-colored bills with a black tip.
Known for their diving abilities, Lesser Scaups primarily feed on aquatic vegetation, insects, and small mollusks, acquired by diving underwater. During courtship, males perform elaborate displays, including head bowing, tail wagging, and bill raising, in order to attract a mate. These ducks form monogamous pairs during the breeding season, which occurs between April and July.
The Lesser Scaup's breeding range stretches across North America, encompassing the boreal forest regions of Canada and Alaska, as well as parts of the United States. During winter, they migrate to coastal areas, such as the Gulf Coast, the Atlantic coast, and Mexico. Conservation efforts have been implemented to address potential threats to their population, including habitat loss, pollution, and hunting pressure.
The word "Lesser Scaup" has an interesting etymology.
Firstly, "scaup" is derived from the Old Norse word "skālpr", which refers to a type of diving duck. This term passed through various languages over time, including Middle Low German and Middle Dutch, before eventually being adopted into English as "scaup".
The word "lesser" in "Lesser Scaup" refers to its smaller size compared to a similar species of duck known as the Greater Scaup. "Lesser" comes from the Old English word "lǣssa", meaning "smaller" or "inferior".
So, when combined, "Lesser Scaup" refers to a smaller species of diving duck, specifically belonging to the genus Aythya and scientifically classified as Aythya affinis.
