Herpes labialis virus, commonly known as the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), is a highly contagious virus that causes cold sores or fever blisters primarily on or around the mouth. It is a member of the Herpesviridae family and is characterized by its ability to establish lifelong infections in the host.
This viral infection is transmitted from person to person through direct contact with oral secretions or lesions of an infected individual. The virus can enter the body through a break in the skin or mucous membranes, often triggering an outbreak. Herpes labialis virus remains dormant within nerve cells of the trigeminal ganglion, typically near the neck or ear, and can be reactivated by various factors including stress, sunlight exposure, hormonal changes, or a weakened immune system.
The symptoms of herpes labialis virus usually include itching, tingling, or burning sensations around the mouth before small, painful red blisters appear. These blisters can be accompanied by flu-like symptoms such as fever, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue. The blisters tend to burst, forming a scab that eventually heals within 10-14 days. Recurrences of the virus are common, and the severity and frequency of outbreaks can vary among individuals.
Though herpes labialis virus is not curable, antiviral medications can help minimize the symptoms, duration, and frequency of outbreaks. Practicing good hygiene, using lip balm with sun protection, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals during active outbreaks can also help reduce the transmission and recurrence of the virus.
