BENZODIAZEPINE TRANQUILIZERS Meaning and
Definition
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Benzodiazepine tranquilizers, also known as benzodiazepines or benzos, are a class of psychoactive drugs primarily recognized for their sedative, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), and hypnotic properties. These medications are commonly prescribed to alleviate symptoms associated with various anxiety disorders, panic attacks, and insomnia.
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain responsible for inhibitory effects on the central nervous system (CNS). By increasing the effects of GABA, benzodiazepines help calm excessive brain activity, resulting in relaxation and a reduction in anxiety.
These tranquilizers typically come in pill or tablet form and are available under various brand names such as Valium, Xanax, Ativan, and Klonopin. They are usually consumed orally and absorbed into the bloodstream, with their effects typically starting within 30 minutes to an hour after ingestion.
Although benzodiazepines are effective in providing temporary relief from anxiety and sleep disorders, they can induce side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and impaired coordination. Prolonged use or misuse can lead to physical and psychological dependence, making them potentially addictive drugs. Abrupt discontinuation after prolonged use can also result in withdrawal symptoms, including rebound anxiety, insomnia, and even seizures.
Due to their addictive nature and the potential for abuse, benzodiazepines should be used strictly as prescribed under the supervision of a healthcare professional. It is important to follow dosage instructions and not exceed the recommended duration to minimize the risks associated with these tranquilizers.
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Etymology of BENZODIAZEPINE TRANQUILIZERS
The word "Benzodiazepine" derives from the chemical structure of this class of drugs, specifically a combination of the terms benzene and diazepine. Benzene refers to a ring-shaped hydrocarbon compound consisting of six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms (C6H6). Diazepine refers to a specific seven-membered ring structure with two nitrogen atoms in the first and third positions, and the remaining positions occupied by carbon atoms.
"Tranquilizers" refers to the desired effect of these drugs, which is to induce a state of tranquility, calmness, and relaxation. The term itself is derived from the word "tranquilize", which means to make tranquil or calm.
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