Mid front rounded vowel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Mid front rounded vowel
ø
ø̞
IPA number 310 430
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ø​̞
Unicode (hex) U+00F8 U+031E

The mid front rounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.

While there is no dedicated symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the "exact" mid front rounded vowel between close-mid [ø] and open-mid [œ] (since no language is known to distinguish all three), ⟨ø⟩ is generally used. If precision is desired, diacritics can be used, such as ⟨ø̞⟩ or ⟨œ̝⟩.

Contents

Features

IPA vowel chart
Front Near-​front Central Near-​back Back
Close
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
•iy
•ɨʉ
•ɯu
•ɪʏ
•eø
•ɘɵ
•ɤo
•e̞ø̞
•ɛœ
•ɜɞ
•ʌɔ
•aɶ
•ɑɒ
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Paired vowels are: unrounded • rounded
This table contains phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
IPA help • IPA key • chart • Loudspeaker.svg chart with audio • view
  • Its vowel height is mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between a close vowel and an open vowel.
  • Its vowel backness is front, which means the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
  • Its roundedness is compressed, which means that the margins of the lips are tense and drawn together in such a way that the inner surfaces are not exposed.

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Catalan Northern fulles [ˈfø̞jəs] 'leaves' Found in Occitan and French loanwords and interferences. See Catalan phonology
Chinese Shanghainese 安 eu [ø̞] 'safe'
English Cardiff[1] bird [bø̞̈ːd] 'bird' Centralized.
New Zealand[2] Centralized. May be [ɵ̟ː] or [œ̈ː] instead. See English phonology
Finnish[3] rölli [ˈrø̞̈lːi] 'Common bent' Centralized.[4] See Finnish phonology
German Standard[5] schön  [ʃø̞̈ːn]  'beautiful' Centralized. See German phonology
Hungarian[6] öl [ø̞̈l] 'kill' Centralized. See Hungarian phonology
Swedish Central Standard[7] nött  [nœ̝̈t̪ː]  'worn' (past part. s.) Centralized. Typically transcribed as /œ/. See Swedish phonology
Turkish[8] göz [ɟø̞̈z] 'eye' Centralized; may be transcribed as /œ/. See Turkish phonology

References

  1. ^ Coupland (1990:95)
  2. ^ Roca & Johnson (1999:188)
  3. ^ Iivonen & Harnud (2005:60, 66)
  4. ^ Suomi, Toivanen & Ylitalo (2008:21)
  5. ^ Mangold (2005:37)
  6. ^ Szende (1994:92)
  7. ^ Engstrand (1999:140)
  8. ^ Zimmer & Orgun (1999:155)

Bibliography

  • Coupland, Nikolas (1990), English in Wales: Diversity, Conflict, and Change, p. 95, ISBN 1-85359-032-0 
  • Engstrand, Olle (1999), "Swedish", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the usage of the International Phonetic Alphabet., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 140, ISBN 0-521-63751-1 
  • Iivonen, Antti; Harnud, Huhe (2005), "Acoustical comparison of the monophthong systems in Finnish, Mongolian and Udmurt", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (1): 59–71, doi:10.1017/S002510030500191X 
  • Mangold, Max (2005), Das Aussprachewörterbuch, Duden, p. 37, ISBN 9783411040667 
  • Roca, Iggy; Johnson, Wyn (1999), A Course in Phonology, Blackwell Publishing 
  • Szende, Tamás (1994), "Hungarian", Journal of the International Phonetic Alphabet 24 (2): 91–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005090 
  • Suomi, Kari; Toivanen, Juhani; Ylitalo, Riikka (2008), Finish sound structure, ISBN 978-951-42-8983-5 
  • Zimmer, Karl; Orgun, Orhan (1999), "Turkish", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 154–158, ISBN 0-521-65236-7