Folate, also known as vitamin B9 or folic acid, is an essential water-soluble vitamin belonging to the B-complex group of vitamins. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, particularly in the formation of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Folate is essential for cell division and growth, making it especially important during periods of rapid cell growth, such as pregnancy and infancy.
Folate is naturally found in several foods, including leafy green vegetables, legumes, fruits, and fortified cereals. It is necessary for the production and maintenance of new cells, making it vital for proper tissue growth and repair. Additionally, folate helps to synthesize and repair DNA, supporting healthy cell development and preventing gene mutations that could lead to certain types of cancer.
Folate is particularly critical during early pregnancy, as it aids in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord. Adequate folate intake before and during pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, in the baby.
Insufficient levels of folate can lead to various health problems, such as anemia, poor growth, and an increased risk of certain birth defects. To ensure adequate folate intake, supplementation is often recommended, especially for pregnant women or those who may become pregnant. Folate supplements can help meet the daily requirements and prevent deficiencies that may arise from a poor diet.
